Optimal. Leaf size=169 \[ \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}+b} \sqrt{1-\frac{2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}}} \sqrt{1-\frac{2 c x^2}{\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}+b}} \text{EllipticF}\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}+b}}\right ),\frac{\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}+b}{b-\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}}\right )}{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}} \]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Rubi [A] time = 0.0663954, antiderivative size = 169, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 2, number of rules used = 2, integrand size = 17, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.118, Rules used = {1104, 419} \[ \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}+b} \sqrt{1-\frac{2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}}} \sqrt{1-\frac{2 c x^2}{\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}+b}} F\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b+\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}}}\right )|\frac{b+\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
Rule 1104
Rule 419
Rubi steps
\begin{align*} \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}} \, dx &=\frac{\left (\sqrt{1-\frac{2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt{1-\frac{2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}}}\right ) \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{1-\frac{2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt{1-\frac{2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}}}} \, dx}{\sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}\\ &=\frac{\sqrt{b+\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}} \sqrt{1-\frac{2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}}} \sqrt{1-\frac{2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}}} F\left (\sin ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} x}{\sqrt{b+\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}}}\right )|\frac{b+\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}}{b-\sqrt{b^2+4 a c}}\right )}{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{c} \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}}\\ \end{align*}
Mathematica [C] time = 0.0811004, size = 177, normalized size = 1.05 \[ -\frac{i \sqrt{\frac{2 c x^2}{\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}-b}+1} \sqrt{1-\frac{2 c x^2}{\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}+b}} \text{EllipticF}\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt{2} x \sqrt{-\frac{c}{\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}+b}}\right ),-\frac{\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}+b}{\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}-b}\right )}{\sqrt{2} \sqrt{-\frac{c}{\sqrt{4 a c+b^2}+b}} \sqrt{a+b x^2-c x^4}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maple [A] time = 0.21, size = 145, normalized size = 0.9 \begin{align*}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}\sqrt{4-2\,{\frac{ \left ( -b+\sqrt{4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ){x}^{2}}{a}}}\sqrt{4+2\,{\frac{ \left ( b+\sqrt{4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ){x}^{2}}{a}}}{\it EllipticF} \left ({\frac{x\sqrt{2}}{2}\sqrt{{\frac{1}{a} \left ( -b+\sqrt{4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) }}},{\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{-4-2\,{\frac{b \left ( b+\sqrt{4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) }{ac}}}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{{\frac{1}{a} \left ( -b+\sqrt{4\,ac+{b}^{2}} \right ) }}}}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{-c{x}^{4}+b{x}^{2}+a}}}} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maxima [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}}\,{d x} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Fricas [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*}{\rm integral}\left (-\frac{\sqrt{-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}}{c x^{4} - b x^{2} - a}, x\right ) \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Sympy [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{a + b x^{2} - c x^{4}}}\, dx \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Giac [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{1}{\sqrt{-c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}}\,{d x} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]